Do I have to relinquish my sign on and passwords for websites pertaining to work (ie: access to insurance companies and medicare)? ( Log Out /  You can see that after switching to root you are still in the same directory: sudo su - This time it is a login shell, so /etc/profile, .profile and .bashrc are executed and you will find yourself in root's home directory with root's environment. Difference between “su”, “sudo -s”, “sudo -i”. $? In regards to the latter, would it make any difference if I'm trying to do under root: Your home will not be root's home. Thanks for contributing an answer to Ask Ubuntu! Sudo là một cơ chế quản lý quyền, phụ thuộc vào /etc/sudoers, xác định người dùng nào được phép thực hiện loại lệnh quản lý nào. su: run as superuser and have to type superuser’s password to run command. sudo -s reads the $SHELL variable and executes the content. sudo su - username does the same as su - username: runs a login shell as username. 代わりに、コマンドをシェルの標準入力に渡すことができます（例：） sudo -s … As described earlier, if su runs as root, you will not need to enter the target user’s password. ending the inner one will let you return back to the outer one. Ask Ubuntu works best with JavaScript enabled, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site, Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, Learn more about hiring developers or posting ads with us. In the various tutorials and instructions I have used on the Internet, I see sudo su, sudo su -, sudo -i and sudo /bin/bash being used to open a root session, but I'm not clear on the difference between these and when or if that difference matters. To see the difference between su and sudo … Are there examples of finite-dimensional complex non-semisimple non-commutative symmetric Frobenius algebras? What are the differences between “su”, “sudo -s”, “sudo -i”, “sudo su”? sudo lets you run commands in your own user account with root privileges. sudo -s some-command どちらが some-command シェルの下で実行されるかを言うことができます。. ‘sudo ‘ lets you use your own password to execute system commands i.e., delegates system responsibility without root password. su asks you for the password of the user to switch, after typing the password you switched to the user's environment. Also, it is more "correct" to say that su stands for switch user, rather than super user. su lets you switch user so that you're actually logged in as root. “sudo” stands for “ superuser do ” and it allows you to elevate your current user account to have root privilege temporarily. The su command switches to the super user – or root user – when you execute it with no additional options. sudo -i also acquires the root user's environment. And today I found out that there's also a sudo su - option. Hello! New DM on House Rules, concerning Nat20 & Rule of Cool, arXiv article says that code has been made available with the article, but I cannot find it. In a collision shouldn't objects of different mass have same acceleration? This command requires you to use sudo, which means that the su command will be running as root. ‘su’ Vs ‘sudo’ ‘ su ‘ forces you to share your root password to other users whereas ‘ sudo ‘ makes it possible to execute system commands without root password. That it changes the pwd and sets the root's environment too. Stack Exchange network consists of 176 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. What is the functional difference between sudo su and sudo -i? Set the password for user1 to user1pw and then try to log in again as user1.. Look at the new records which were created in the /etc/passwd and /etc/group. site design / logo © 2021 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under cc by-sa. Sudo can be configured to blacklist or whitelist specific commands for each user. Chaos - "shopt -q login_shell && echo 'Login shell' || echo 'No login shell'" These kinds of suggestions I see often, but why make it so long? 主な違い sudo bash とは sudo -s つまり -s 短く、あなたはいくつかの方法で、ユーザーのデフォルトのシェルで実行するコマンドを渡すことができます：. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. /bin/bash is started as non-login shell so all the dot-files are not executed, but bash itself reads .bashrc of the calling user. Your working directory will be /root, and it will read root's.profile etc. The main work of the su command is to let you switch to some other user during a login session. In this article, we will discuss in detail the ‘su’ command as well as how it differs from the ‘sudo’ command. run a php script: su www-data /usr/share/script.php or just su www-data for interactive shell. To explain this you need to know what the programs do: sudo su Calls sudo with the command su. Both su and sudo elevate privileges assigned to the current user. Therefore, it is much safer to use sudo since it doesn’t include exchanging sensitive information. The -s switch for “sudo” command reads the $SHELL variable of the current user executing commands. Why is my default shell from /etc/passwd not started by terminals in a Unity session? "sudo", itself, has a "--login" option. How is a person residing abroad subject to US law? sudo su and sudo su --Well in Ubuntu (im assuming you are using it) sudo su - gives you super user privlages for that account to make changes to and such. Ubuntu and some other distros allow sudo by default. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. You could find some "small" differences in some critical variables: or some difference in ~/. What is ‘su’ command? su [username]: some application only allow it’s own user to access it, use “su username” to login and  in order to access/execute/…. The su utility requests appropriate user credentials via PAM and switches to that user ID (the default user is the superuser). Change ), [JAVA] primitive array to boxed(object) array to list, vice versa, Regular ASCII Chart (character codes 0 – 127), Data structures and Algorithms cheat sheet. Your environment stays the same. Why not just "shopt -q login_shell ; echo $?" Su vs Sudo. When adding the ‘-‘ character to the end of this command, you are also put into the PATH of the superuser. Quite clearly, 'sudo' is a better alternative between the two as far as security is concerned. Pros of using sudo: One password to rule them all-- A user must only remember one password: their own. guns on Mar 24, 2012 They are not equivalent. Both commands are run as "my user" and su'd … The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. For the most Linux distributions, su and sudo are widely used commands. I've always been using either sudo or sudo su. Need root privileges to access files on USB flash drive. In other words, the tool lets you assume the identity of some other user without having to logout and then login (as that user). su is equivalent to sudo -i and simulates a login into the root account. ( Log Out /  With “sudo”, you are still using your user account, but with root privilege, whereas in “su”, you are logged in to the root account. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. When I'm doing something that requires root be typed in dozens of times in a row, I prefer to switch my session to a root session. su: run as superuser and have to type superuser’s password to run command. Regarding path variables, you'll note the output of the 'env' command there to prove that one environment was no more "able" than the other. Linux – su vs sudo. sudo -s runs a shell with root privileges. The sudo su command has similar behavior to su, but it changes which password you have to enter, if any. application. dotfiles handling (~/.config). The main difference between the two is that su requires the password of the target account, while sudo requires the password of the current user. sudo can also be passed the -i parameter to open an interactive shell, effectively emulating the functionality of su . The major differences between su and sudo are as follows: sudo allows any command to be run as a trailing parameter, not just the user's shell. No dedicated root account-- As discussed above, this can be a lot safer. Source: Man page. I.e. @chaos Thank you for this excellent answer! As mentioned above, root user can do 'su -' without entering password, so doing 'su -' inside of a root shell, you will have two different root shell processes. Rather than change their habits, they just used sudo su. Why no relative pronoun in ἄνθρωπος ἐξηραμμένην ἔχων τὴν χεῖρα? Short Bytes: Many of you might be using sudo and su in terminal every day to accomplish different tasks. This means that login-specific resource files such as .profile, .bashrc or .login will be read and executed by the shell. In this article we will discuss what is the main difference between su and sudo commands. su used to be the de facto way of becoming root on Linux systems. During install there's a section where you can make a password for the root account but if you leave it blank, it instead gives your regular user sudo ability. Consider also the ownership of $HOME based logfiles (~/.xsession.errors, etc ...) or xauth cookies (~/.Xauthority) that commands generate. sudo su -- gives you privialdges for the ENTIRE server... thats why some apps dont work for su - because the changes (like boot or some apps) will affect all users. This ISS trash deployment looks more like 2 feet than 2 inches per second, was it too fast or are these articles incorrect? SU vs SUDO. Định dạng lệnh là: It only takes a minute to sign up. So bash only executes .bashrc. syntax sudo command i.e. Now the question is, how can you run sudo. I really only use Ubuntu through command line and I find my most common use for opening a. So what it is basically saying if exit code 0 then echo "Login Shell", if exit code 1 (fail) then echo "No login". This video is part of the Udacity course "Configuring Linux Web Servers". If you execute the su bobcommand, you’ll be prompted to enter Bob’s password and the shell will switch to Bob’s user account. sudo su – : using current user password to login superuser and without superuser’s password required. Ask Ubuntu is a question and answer site for Ubuntu users and developers. application. rev 2021.3.12.38768. At least one thing is different between "sudo su" and "sudo su -" The latter changes to root's home directory. Once you’re done running commands in the root shell, you should type exitto leave the root shell and go back to limited-privileges … The -u or --user option for sudo specifies that user. Recommendations for OR video channels (YouTube etc). Long answer: sudo and su - are different programs that accomplish the same task, that is elevating you to root privileges. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. So always confirm your working directory before deleting, editing or setting modes on files. Sudo -s is a “non-login” style shell. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. @RaduRădeanu When I typed the question in I reviewed the suggested questions and none of those really addressed my complete question. means the result/exit code of the preceding command. A shell is then executed. But in that case, I do not see any advantage in using the fat sudo over the tiny su - (and no surprises in case the sudo configuration is a bit different from what you assumed it is). 基本的にの略記です sudo $SHELL -c some-command 。. ( Log Out /  sudo: allow to run command without root password, just type current user’s password to run. su - username run as root and sudo su - username do not require to know username 's password (as they are run with elevated privileges), while su - username run as a normal user requires to know it. sudo -i problem - sudo: /bin/bash/asd: command not found, Best practices on using sudo in a bash script. If $SHELL contains /bin/bash it invokes sudo /bin/bash (see above). sudo -i It is nearly the same as sudo su - The -i (simulate initial login) option runs the shell specified by the password database entry of the target user as a login shell. The && operator means if exit code 0 then "do next command" and the double pipes (||) means else (if not 0) then do this command. But su without any user name will asume the root (super user) account. This isn’t all the su command does, though – you can use it to switch to any user account. How to set up passwordless SSH access for root user, Allow any user to use shutdown with my own shell, Losing environment info when using /usr/bin/sudo and /bin/bash. How can I enable users to perform actions that require root permission? SU stands for substitute user and SUDO means substitute DO; although most people incorrectly think that it stands for super user as it is the account that is often used. The former stays in the current working directory from which "sudo su" was run. `sudo su` changes the values of USER, HOME, and SHELL to that of the root user. sudo vs su. ( Log Out /  Forget sudo su. Watch the full course at https://www.udacity.com/course/ud299 So if the echo is 0 = success... 'sudo su -' vs 'sudo -i' vs 'sudo /bin/bash' - when does it matter which is used, or does it matter at all? By clicking “Post Your Answer”, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. sudo: allow to run command without root password, just type current user’s password to run. What's the difference between 'sudo command' and 'sudo sh command? Create a user1 account using useradd.. Log in as user1 using ssh or su or sudo.For example, you can just do this with: $ ssh [email protected]; It should fail, because you need a password for user1; it was never established. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. This allows Unix users to access and authenticate to a system with a personal account and escalate privileges to superuser or root to run privileged commands. Looking on advice about culture shock and pursuing a career in industry. EG the path is the same in both and yet "sudo su" works but "su" does not. The primary difference between the two is the password they require: while 'sudo' requires current user's password, 'su' requires you to enter the root user password. By clicking “Accept all cookies”, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. What is the mathematical meaning of the plus sign (+) in chemical reaction equations? sudo, su và su- có những khác biệt về cách sử dụng trong Linux Lệnh sudo. People started tacking sudo in front when Linux distros stopped setting a root password and made sudo the only way to access the root account. Why don't we see the Milky Way out the windows in Star Trek? This means that unlike a command like sudo -i or sudo su, the system will not read any environmental files. sudo su vs. sudo su –. Though they do contain a lot of new information for me, and thank you for linking to them, I found them not as complete as the answer user chaos below provides, which is much more in line with what I was looking for.
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